breast cancer and brain metastases
see breast. think brain
THE INCIDENCE OF BRAIN METASTASES IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC BREAST CANCER IS HIGH AND CONTINUES TO RISE1-5
Breast cancer is the second-most common cause of brain metastases1,2
Up to 30% of patients with MBC develop brain metastases during the course of disease2-5
1998
2000
vs
2004
2006
A 44% increase in the risk of hospital admittance with brain metastases was observed among patients diagnosed in 2004-2006 compared with 1998-2000, according to a Swedish registry of 50,528 patients with breast cancer6
- The extended survival that has accompanied MBC treatment advances may give brain metastases more time to develop7,8
- Advancements in imaging technology may contribute to increased identification of brain metastases7,8
Brain metastases are often a cause of death in patients with MBC2,8,9
of 1256
In a Japanese multicenter, retrospective study from 2001 to 2012, of 1256 patients with MBC who had brain metastases, more than half of patients (695/1256) died as a direct result of brain metastases8
MULTIPLE RISK FACTORS FOR BRAIN METASTASES HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED IN PATIENTS WITH MBC7,10*
- HER2 positivity/overexpression
- HIGH HISTOLOGICAL GRADE
- Nodal involvement
- Number of nonbrain metastatic sites
- Primary tumor size >2 cm
- Triple-negative status
- Young age
*Factors listed were shown to contribute to a higher risk of brain metastases in 5 or more studies.10
HER = human epidermal growth factor receptor; MBC = metastatic breast cancer.
References: 1. Witzel I, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Pantel K, Müller V, Wikman H. Breast cancer brain metastases: biology and new clinical perspectives. Breast Cancer Res. 2016;18(8):1-9. 2. Tsukada Y, Fouad A, Pickren JW, Lane WW. Central nervous system metastasis from breast carcinoma. Autopsy study. Cancer. 1983;52(12):2349-2354. 3. Rostami R, Mittal S, Rostami P, Tavassoli F, Jabbari B. Brain metastasis in breast cancer: a comprehensive literature review. J Neurooncol. 2016;127(3):407-414. 4. Darlix A, Louvel G, Fraisse J, et al. Impact of breast cancer molecular subtypes on the incidence, kinetics and prognosis of central nervous system metastases in a large multicentre real-life cohort. Br J Cancer. 2019;121(12):991-1000. 5. Aversa C, Rossi V, Geuna E, et al. Metastatic breast cancer subtypes and central nervous system metastases. Breast. 2014;23(5):623-628. 6. Frisk G, Svensson T, Bäcklund LM, Lidbrink E, Blomqvist P, Smedby KE. Incidence and time trends of brain metastases admissions among breast cancer patients in Sweden. Br J Cancer. 2012;106(11):1850-1853. 7. Bailleux C, Eberst L, Bachelot T. Treatment strategies for breast cancer brain metastases. Br J Cancer. 2021;124(1):142-155. 8. Niikura N, Hayashi N, Masuda N, et al. Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for patients with brain metastases from breast cancer of each subtype: a multicenter retrospective analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014;147(1):103-112. 9. Hagemeister FB Jr, Buzdar AU, Luna MA, Blumenschein GR. Causes of death in breast cancer: a clinicopathologic study. Cancer. 1980;46(1):162-167. 10. Koniali L, Hadjisavvas A, Constantinidou A, et al. Risk factors for breast cancer brain metastases: a systematic review. Oncotarget. 2020;11(6):650-669.
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